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Which of the following effects is associated with chronic use of chewing tobacco?

  1. Mood swings

  2. Gynecomastia

  3. Leukoplakia

  4. Increased aggression

The correct answer is: Leukoplakia

Chronic use of chewing tobacco is known to be associated with leukoplakia, which refers to the formation of white patches or spots in the oral cavity. This condition arises due to irritation from the tobacco and can potentially progress to more serious forms of oral mucosal lesions, including cancer. Leukoplakia is significant because it serves as a warning sign indicating the harmful effects of tobacco on the tissues in the mouth. While mood swings, gynecomastia, and increased aggression might have various connections to different substances or health conditions, they do not directly relate to the chronic effects commonly found with the use of chewing tobacco like leukoplakia does. Understanding these effects emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing the risks associated with tobacco use, particularly in preventing conditions that can lead to more severe health complications.